Error code E0193

Note: this error code is no longer emitted by the compiler.

where clauses must use generic type parameters: it does not make sense to use them otherwise. An example causing this error:

#![allow(unused)]
fn main() {
trait Foo {
    fn bar(&self);
}

#[derive(Copy,Clone)]
struct Wrapper<T> {
    Wrapped: T
}

impl Foo for Wrapper<u32> where Wrapper<u32>: Clone {
    fn bar(&self) { }
}
}

This use of a where clause is strange - a more common usage would look something like the following:

#![allow(unused)]
fn main() {
trait Foo {
    fn bar(&self);
}

#[derive(Copy,Clone)]
struct Wrapper<T> {
    Wrapped: T
}
impl <T> Foo for Wrapper<T> where Wrapper<T>: Clone {
    fn bar(&self) { }
}
}

Here, we’re saying that the implementation exists on Wrapper only when the wrapped type T implements Clone. The where clause is important because some types will not implement Clone, and thus will not get this method.

In our erroneous example, however, we’re referencing a single concrete type. Since we know for certain that Wrapper<u32> implements Clone, there’s no reason to also specify it in a where clause.